Research article

Beyond the manufacturing mindset: adapting workforce skills for the tech driven mining industry

Yhana Lanwin

Founder and chief executive of Sans Prejudice Solutions

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Abstract

The manufacturing mindset, originating during the Industrial Revolution, has significantly influenced production processes and organisational structures across industries. Key milestones, such as the mechanisation of production and the development of mass production techniques, led to a focus on efficiency, standardisation, and systemisation. This industrial framework has continued to affect sectors like mining, focused on safety, efficiency, and productivity through practices like Lean Manufacturing, Six Sigma, and the Toyota Way.

Despite its historical success, the disconnect between the manufacturing mindset and the evolving mining workforce is becoming evident. As automation, AI, and robotics redefine the industry, achieving streamlined workflows, eliminating defects, and enhancing environmental sustainability remain pivotal.

However, mining must also embrace employee empowerment, diversity, problem-solving, and continuous improvement. This requires behavioural science-driven learning and improved training to address existing gaps between traditional systems and contemporary technological needs in the workforce.

The mining industry over the past decades has seen significant workforce changes, driven by factors such as labour models, increasing automation, and rising industry demands. Yet, challenges remain in adapting education systems to better prepare workers and facilitate career longevity. Modern education theories like andragogy and heutagogy emphasise lifelong learning, self-directed education, and critical thinking, which must be integrated into industry training programs.

The evolution of vocational education and training (VET) in Australia has struggled to keep pace with the need for new skills in mining, particularly in sectors relying on digital transformation.

Traditional training models that focus on standardised, one-size-fits-all approaches have led to the skills gap. To address these challenges, mining companies need to engage in tailored, adaptable training programs, advocate for systemic reforms in education, and incorporate forward-thinking certifications.

Ultimately, leveraging behavioural science-based methodologies will enable better alignment between educational practices and workforce needs. By addressing inherent biases, fostering diverse learning approaches, and adapting training programs to emerging technologies, the mining sector can ensure it builds a capable workforce to meet future demands. for 34 seconds.

Summary of findings: The evolution of the manufacturing mindset

The manufacturing mindset emerged during the Industrial Revolution—with innovations like the spinning jenny, water frame, and later Henry Ford’s assembly line—and evolved through Taylorism and Lean Manufacturing into today’s Industry 4.0. Its core principles focus on eliminating waste, minimising errors, sustaining long-term processes, optimising systems, valuing employee contributions, and addressing root problems.

These principles have deeply influenced mining, driving safety, efficiency, and productivity. However, a growing disconnect exists between streamlined processes and the evolving workforce skills needed in a tech-driven, automated mining environment.

Evolution of mining workforce skills:

1980- 2000
Dominated by a predominantly white, male, low-skilled workforce trained through standardised practices and on-the-job learning amid a high-risk, physically demanding culture.
2000- 2020
Marked by boom–bust cycles, an influx of overseas contract labour, and the introduction of continuous improvement methodologies, leading to increased diversity yet further complexity.
2020-2040
Faces a structural skills shortage as digital transformation and automation reshape operations, with Gen Z entering an industry still reliant on outdated practices.

Impact on education and training

The manufacturing mindset has long influenced education—from primary to tertiary and vocational sectors—emphasising discipline, standardisation, and rote learning. Despite recent shifts toward personalised, experiential, and learner-centred approaches (such as andragogy and heutagogy), many institutions, particularly in the VET sector, remain slow to adapt. This misalignment exacerbates the skills gap in mining.

Key challenges:

1. Mismatch in educational preparation:

Generations educated through traditional methods now face workplaces demanding critical thinking and adaptability.

2. Inadequate traditional workforce

A legacy, male-centric workforce is ill-equipped for the diversity and digital skills required for future mining.

3. Need for systemic educational overhaul

A comprehensive shift in learning theories and curriculum design is necessary to align with modern industrial demands.

Opportunities and recommendations

A behavioural science approach is recommended to identify and remedy these gaps by:

  • Designing tailored, multimodal training programs.
  • Promoting collaborative initiatives across educational sectors.
  • Diversifying internal learning and development teams.
  • Incorporating globally recognised micro-credentials and technology-specific learning campaigns.
  • Aligning hiring practices with modern competencies.

This integrated strategy aims to bridge the divide between traditional manufacturing practices and the dynamic skillsets required for the future of mining.

Yhana Lanwin is the founder and chief executive of Sans Prejudice Solutions, a strategy consulting firm specialising in quality and financial impact testing of DEI and ESG interventions.

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